2023-04-02 08:31:07 +00:00
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2023-04-02 08:31:07 +00:00
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< h1 class = "text-3xl text-center font-bold leading-normal text-gray-900 mt-0 mb-3" > AQM0802A に文字を表示してみる< / h1 >
< div class = "text-center" > < i class = "fa-regular fa-clock" > < / i > 2022年6月21日< / div >
< div class = "mt-3 text-center" >
< a href = "/tags/オコゲ" class = "inline-block bg-gray-200 rounded-full px-3 py-1 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 m-0.5" > #オコゲ< / a >
< a href = "/tags/デスクトップアプリ版" class = "inline-block bg-gray-200 rounded-full px-3 py-1 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 m-0.5" > #デスクトップアプリ版< / a >
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< p > ミミィ< / p >
< / div > < div class = "chatting" >
< div class = "says_right" > < p >
とにかく試しに動かしてみるわよ！< br >
考えてるヒマがあったら手を動かすのよ手を！
< / p > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "balloon" >
< div class = "faceicon" >
< img src = "/assets/img/tama.webp" >
< p > タマちー< / p >
< / div > < div class = "chatting" >
< div class = "says" >
１ ２
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "box_stripe" > < p > 手順説明の下に『オコゲ』のブロックで組み立てたプログラムコードを畳んで置いてあります。クリックすると開きます。< / p > < / div >
< div class = "balloon_right" >
< div class = "faceicon_right" >
< img src = "/assets/img/mimmy.webp" >
< p > < / p >
< / div > < div class = "chatting" >
< div class = "says_right" > < p >
それとこの先の説明では16進数と2進数が何の説明もなく出てくるわ！ < br >
気になる人は < a href = "https://wa3.i-3-i.info/word1610.html" target = "_new" title = "" > 16進数 < span style = "color: gray; font-size: smaller;" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square" > < / i > < / span > < / a > , < a href = "https://wa3.i-3-i.info/word1606.html" target = "_new" title = "" > 2進数 < span style = "color: gray; font-size: smaller;" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square" > < / i > < / span > < / a > あたりを見てネ！
< / p > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "balloon" >
< div class = "faceicon" >
< img src = "/assets/img/tama.webp" >
< p > < / p >
< / div > < div class = "chatting" >
< div class = "think-l-bal-s" > < / div >
< div class = "think-l-bal-l" > < / div >
< div class = "tamathink" >
< p >
【< a href = "https://wa3.i-3-i.info/index.html" target = "_new" title = "" > 「分かりそう」で「分からない」でも「分かった」気になれるIT用語辞典 < span style = "color: gray; font-size: smaller;" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square" > < / i > < / span > < / a > 】< br >
ユルくて好き・・・
< / p >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< h2 > I2C アドレス< / h2 >
< p > 次のコマンドで確認します。< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-bash" > $ i2cdetect -y 6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
00: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3e --
40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
< / code > < / pre >
< p > AQM0802A の I2C アドレスは 0x3e と分かりました。< / p >
< details class = "lesson" >
< summary class = "blockprogram" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-computer-mouse" > < / i > 『オコゲ』ブロックプログラム： < / summary >
< div class = "lesson" > < div class = "slide" >
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_i2copen.webp" >
< figcaption >
GPIO を有効にして I2C デバイスに接続する
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > デバイスに限らず、何かに接続して使用可能な状態にすることをコンピュータ用語では「開く (open)」と表現します。< / p >
< / div > < / div >
< / details >
< h2 > コマンド書き込み< / h2 >
< p > レジスタ 0x00 にコマンドコード（ １ ） < / p >
< details class = "lesson" >
< summary class = "blockprogram" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-computer-mouse" > < / i > 『オコゲ』ブロックプログラム：コマンドを書き込む< / summary >
< div class = "lesson" > < div class = "slide" >
繰り返し使用するプログラムなので、関数として分離しておきます。
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_func-command.webp" >
< figcaption >
コマンド書き込み関数
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > コマンド書き込み毎に待ち時間が必要です。待ち時間の長さはコマンドの種類によって若干の違いがあるようですが、ここでは無視して１００分の１秒で統一します。< / p >
< div class = "balloon_right" >
< div class = "faceicon_right" >
< img src = "/assets/img/mimmy.webp" >
< p > < / p >
< / div > < div class = "chatting" >
< div class = "says_right" > < p >
ちゃんと動いているから大丈夫！< br >
たぶん！
< / p > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div > < / div >
< / details >
< h2 > データ書き込み< / h2 >
< p > レジスタ 0x40 にバイトコードを書き込むことで、AQM0802A 内蔵の RAM (DDRAM/CGRAM) にデータを書き込むことができます。DDRAM にデータを書き込むと画面に文字を表示することができます。CGRAM は自作文字のデータを登録しておくことができます。< / p >
< details class = "lesson" >
< summary class = "blockprogram" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-computer-mouse" > < / i > 『オコゲ』ブロックプログラム：データを書き込む< / summary >
< div class = "lesson" > < div class = "slide" >
こちらも繰り返し使用するので関数にしておきます。
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_func-data.webp" >
< figcaption >
データ書き込み関数
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< / div > < / div >
< / details >
< h2 > 初期化< / h2 >
< p > < a href = "https://akizukidenshi.com/download/ds/xiamen/AQM0802.pdf" target = "_new" title = "" > 秋月電子のデータシート < span style = "color: gray; font-size: smaller;" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square" > < / i > < / span > < / a > に従って初期化します。< / p >
< p > 以下のコマンドコードを、順にレジスタ 0x00 に書き込みます。< / p >
< ol >
< li > 0x38 (機能設定：表示行数とか文字の大きさとか)< / li >
< li > 0x39 (拡張コマンドモード開始)< / li >
< li > 0x14 (内蔵発振器周波数)< / li >
< li > 0x70 (コントラスト)< / li >
< li > 0x56 (3V動作)< / li >
< li > 0x6c (フォロワ回路のオンオフと増幅率)< / li >
< li > 0x38 (拡張コマンドモード終了)< / li >
< li > 0x0c (ディスプレイオン・カーソルオフ)< / li >
< li > 0x01 (ディスプレイクリア)< / li >
< / ol >
< details class = "lesson" >
< summary class = "blockprogram" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-computer-mouse" > < / i > 『オコゲ』ブロックプログラム： < / summary >
< div class = "lesson" > < div class = "slide" >
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_init.webp" >
< figcaption >
初期化手順
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< / div > < / div >
< / details >
< h2 > 文字表示< / h2 >
< p > DDRAM にデータを書き込むと画面に文字を表示します。< / p >
< h3 > DDRAM アドレスを指定< / h3 >
< p > 文字を表示するディスプレイ上の位置（２行目の３文字目とか）を指定します。< / p >
< p > （データシートコマンドコード表より）< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Instruction< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB7< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB6< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB5< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB4< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB3< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB2< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB1< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > DB0< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Set DDRAM address< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 1< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC6< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC5< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC4< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC3< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC2< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC1< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > AC0< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > データシートではコマンドは8桁（ ） ７ < / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th style = "text-align:center" > < / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 1列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 2列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 3列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 4列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 5列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 6列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 7列目< / th >
< th style = "text-align:center" > 8列目< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td style = "text-align:center" > １行目< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x00< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x01< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x02< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x03< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x04< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x05< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x06< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x07< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td style = "text-align:center" > ２行目< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x40< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x41< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x42< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x43< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x44< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x45< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x46< / td >
< td style = "text-align:center" > 0x47< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > 以上から、ディスプレイ上の文字表示位置を指定するには以下のようにします。< / p >
< ul >
< li > レジスタ 0x00 に、「0x80（ ） < / li >
< / ul >
< h3 > 文字表示< / h3 >
< p > DDRAM アドレス指定コマンドを書き込んだのちにデータ書き込みを行うことで、指定した位置に文字を表示することができます。文字コードは以下の通りです。< / p >
< figure style = "max-width: 400px; margin: 0 auto;" > < div class = "floatbox"
data-fb-options="colorTheme:silver" style="width: 100%;">
< a href = "/assets/img/game-dentak_character-patterns.webp" title = "キャラクターパターン表" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_character-patterns.webp" style = "width: 100%;" > < / a > < / div >
< figcaption >
< i class = "fa-solid fa-magnifying-glass" > < / i > クリックで拡大
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > コード < code > 0010 0000< / code > からコード < code > 0111 1101< / code > まで、すなわちキーボードで入力できる半角（ ） < / p >
< details class = "lesson" >
< summary class = "blockprogram" > < i class = "fa-solid fa-computer-mouse" > < / i > 『オコゲ』ブロックプログラム： < / summary >
< div class = "lesson" > < div class = "slide" >
行と列を指定して文字列表示を行う関数を作成しましょう。
< figure style = "max-width: 800px; margin: 0 auto;" > < div class = "floatbox"
data-fb-options="colorTheme:silver" style="width: 100%;">
< a href = "/assets/img/game-dentak_func-dispchars.webp" title = "文字列表示関数" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_func-dispchars.webp" style = "width: 100%;" > < / a > < / div >
< figcaption >
< i class = "fa-solid fa-magnifying-glass" > < / i > 文字列表示関数
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > 「行」と「列」は、内部的には０（ゼロ）から始まる数え方をするので、それぞれ１を引きます。< / p >
< p > 大文字・小文字・記号などがちゃんと表示されるかどうか、表示位置指定の確認も含めて、１行目に「{ocoge}」、２ ３ ４ < / p >
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_call-dispchars.webp" >
< figcaption >
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > 最後に、ディスプレイをオフにしてデバイスとの接続を切るなど後片付けをします。ディスプレイの表示をオフにするにはコマンド < code > 0x08< / code > を書き込みます。< / p >
< figure class = "center" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_okatazuke.webp" >
< figcaption >
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< / div > < / div >
< / details >
< h2 > まとめ< / h2 >
< p > 今回作成したプログラムはこのようになりました。< / p >
< figure style = "max-width: 400px; margin: 0 auto;" > < div class = "floatbox"
data-fb-options="colorTheme:silver" style="width: 100%;">
< a href = "/assets/img/game-dentak_display-characters.webp" title = "AQM0802A に文字を表示してみるプログラム" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_display-characters.webp" style = "width: 100%;" > < / a > < / div >
< figcaption >
< i class = "fa-solid fa-magnifying-glass" > < / i > AQM0802A に文字を表示してみるプログラム
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< figure style = "max-width: 200px; margin: 0 auto;" > < div class = "floatbox"
data-fb-options="colorTheme:silver" style="width: 100%;">
< a href = "/assets/img/game-dentak_display-characters-result.webp" title = "AQM0802A に文字を表示してみた結果" > < img loading = "lazy" src = "/assets/img/game-dentak_display-characters-result.webp" style = "width: 100%;" > < / a > < / div >
< figcaption >
< i class = "fa-solid fa-magnifying-glass" > < / i > 実行結果
< / figcaption >
< / figure >
< p > バックライトは点灯させていません。期待通りの動作をしているようです。メデタシ。< br >
次回はゲームのルール確認と自作文字（ < / p >
< / div >
< div class = "mt-10" >
< div class = "italic text-gray-700" > Disqus comments only available for production< / div >
< / div >
< / article >
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